Purview Data Map — catalog, scan, lineage
What it does: Data Map is the catalog plane — automated scanning of Azure SQL, Azure Synapse, Microsoft Fabric OneLake, Snowflake, Databricks, Amazon S3, AWS RDS, Google BigQuery, on-premises SQL Server, Oracle, Teradata, SAP, Salesforce, ServiceNow, Power BI workspaces, and 60+ other sources. It produces a unified business glossary, technical metadata, and end-to-end column-level lineage.
- Automated scans on schedule with classification rules across 200+ system-defined patterns and customer custom regex
- Business glossary with steward assignment, approval workflow, and term-to-asset binding
- Column-level lineage across ingestion (ADF, Fabric pipelines, Synapse), transformation (Databricks, dbt, Fabric notebooks), and consumption (Power BI, Tableau)
- Asset insights and asset-level access requests routed to data owners
- Multi-cloud connectors via the Purview gateway for Snowflake, Databricks, BigQuery, S3, and on-premises sources
Licensing: Purview Data Map is a separately metered Azure service, billed per capacity unit and per scan hour. Available standalone or bundled into the broader Microsoft Purview platform agreement. Microsoft 365 E5 Compliance does NOT include Data Map — it is the Azure-billed portion of Purview.
What it does: Data Estate Insights is the executive dashboard on top of Data Map — health metrics for stewardship coverage, classification rates, glossary adoption, scan freshness, and lineage completeness. It is what a Chief Data Officer reviews in the monthly governance steering committee.
- Stewardship health score across business units and source systems
- Sensitive data discovery dashboards across structured and unstructured sources
- Top assets by query volume, by sensitivity classification, by lineage breadth
- Glossary adoption metrics — terms defined, terms bound, terms in steward backlog
- Drill-through to remediation actions assigned to data owners
Licensing: Included with Purview Data Map capacity. No additional licensing required beyond the Azure-billed Data Map subscription.
Sensitivity Labels — the data classification backbone
What it does: Sensitivity labels are the single classification taxonomy that travels with data across Microsoft 365 (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, Teams), SharePoint Online, OneDrive for Business, Microsoft Fabric (workspaces, lakehouses, warehouses, Power BI semantic models), Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2, and any third-party app that integrates with the Microsoft Information Protection (MIP) SDK. Labels carry encryption, watermarking, content marking, access restrictions, and retention behavior.
- Auto-labeling at rest and in transit using trainable classifiers and 200+ sensitive information types
- Container labels for SharePoint sites, Teams, and Microsoft 365 Groups controlling guest access, external sharing, and unmanaged device access
- Label inheritance from parent SharePoint site → child documents, from Fabric workspace → child semantic model and report
- Power BI semantic model label propagation to underlying Fabric OneLake artifacts and exported PDF/Excel files
- Encryption and rights protection backed by Microsoft Purview Customer Key or Bring-Your-Own-Key (BYOK)
Licensing: Manual sensitivity labeling included in Microsoft 365 E3. Auto-labeling, trainable classifiers, and label-based DLP require Microsoft 365 E5 or Microsoft 365 E5 Compliance. Label-aware Power BI and Fabric integration is included in any Fabric capacity SKU paired with a labeled tenant.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
What it does: Purview DLP enforces policies across Exchange Online, SharePoint Online, OneDrive, Microsoft Teams chat and channel messages, Windows 10/11 endpoints, macOS endpoints, Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps connected SaaS, and Power BI/Fabric. It detects, blocks, audits, and remediates the movement of sensitive content based on sensitivity label, sensitive information type, or trainable classifier.
- Pre-built policy templates for HIPAA, GLBA, FINRA, GDPR, CCPA, PCI DSS, ITAR, and 60+ regional regulations
- Endpoint DLP — clipboard, USB, network share, browser upload, print, and screen-capture controls on Windows and macOS
- Teams DLP including chat and channel message inspection plus blocking of label-protected attachments to external guests
- Adaptive Protection — risk-based policy escalation tied to Insider Risk Management user risk score
- Justification capture and override workflows for business-need exceptions with audit trail
Licensing: Basic Exchange and SharePoint DLP in Microsoft 365 E3. Endpoint DLP, Teams DLP, and Power BI DLP require Microsoft 365 E5 or Microsoft 365 E5 Compliance. Adaptive Protection requires E5 Compliance plus Insider Risk Management.
eDiscovery — Standard and Premium
What it does: Purview eDiscovery preserves, collects, processes, reviews, and exports content across Exchange Online mailboxes, SharePoint Online sites, OneDrive accounts, Microsoft Teams (including private channels), Yammer/Viva Engage, Copilot interaction history, and Microsoft 365 Group conversations. It is the platform legal teams use to respond to litigation hold, regulatory request, and internal investigation.
- Standard — case management, legal hold across all M365 workloads, search and export
- Premium adds custodian management, communication acknowledgments, in-place processing, near-duplicate detection, email threading, themes analysis, predictive coding (machine learning relevance scoring)
- Premium adds review sets with redaction, tagging, and structured analytics for first-pass review inside the portal
- Copilot interaction history is preserved and discoverable in Premium with the Microsoft 365 E5 Compliance + Premium add-on
- Audit, chain-of-custody reporting, and exportable load files for downstream review platforms (Relativity, Everlaw)
Licensing: Standard included in Microsoft 365 E3. Premium requires Microsoft 365 E5, E5 Compliance, or E5 eDiscovery + Audit add-on. Most enterprises pay for Premium licensing across the whole tenant but only stand up a handful of cases per year — the activation gap is in unused capacity, not missing license.
Insider Risk Management (IRM)
What it does: IRM uses signals from Microsoft 365, Defender for Endpoint, Defender for Cloud Apps, HR systems (Workday, SAP SuccessFactors), and physical badge systems to score user risk across data theft, security policy violation, and inadvertent leakage scenarios. Policies are built from templates and tuned with anonymization, scope filtering, and machine-learning sequence detection.
- Pre-built policy templates — departing employee data theft, general data leak, risky browser usage, healthcare data exfil, financial data exfil
- Sequence detection — chains of events (download → rename → upload to personal cloud) scored as high-risk patterns
- Anonymization by default — analysts see pseudonymized usernames until elevated reveal is approved
- Adaptive Protection integration — automatic DLP policy escalation for elevated-risk users
- Case management with timeline, evidence preservation, and HR/Legal handoff workflows
Licensing: Microsoft 365 E5 Insider Risk Management standalone SKU or Microsoft 365 E5 Compliance bundle. Most E5 customers own the license but have never run an alert tuning cycle, leaving false-positive rates above the threshold the SOC will tolerate.
What it does: Communication Compliance reviews Exchange email, Teams chat, Yammer/Viva Engage posts, Skype-for-Business archives, third-party connectors (Bloomberg, Refinitiv, WeChat, Zoom), and Copilot interactions for policy violations — harassment, discrimination, MNPI leakage, conflict of interest, and regulatory disclosure. It is the FINRA Rule 3110 and Rule 4530 supervision platform for financial services, and the ethical wall enforcer for legal and healthcare.
- Pre-built policy templates — corporate sanction, regulatory compliance, conflict of interest, sensitive information
- Built-in classifiers — harassment, threat, profanity, MNPI, money laundering, gift and entertainment
- Ethical wall enforcement (information barriers) between conflicted business units or attorney/client matter teams
- Reviewer workflows with case escalation, regulator-ready evidence export, and supervisor sign-off
- Third-party connector framework for Bloomberg chat, Refinitiv Eikon Messenger, WeChat, WhatsApp Business, SMS archives
Licensing: Microsoft 365 E5 Compliance or the standalone Communication Compliance add-on. Information barriers are licensed separately under the E5 Compliance bundle.
Records Management — retention, lifecycle, disposition
What it does: Records Management applies file plan retention labels with full lifecycle (active → inactive → disposition review → permanent delete or transfer) across Exchange, SharePoint, OneDrive, Teams, and Microsoft 365 Groups. It is the platform records officers use to defend an audit by the SEC, FINRA, DoD 5015.2, FOIA, or state-equivalent records authority.
- File plan manager — bulk import of structured retention schedules with citation, regulation, and steward attribution
- Event-based retention — retention starts when an event fires (employee separation, contract closeout, case closure), not at document creation
- Disposition review with multi-stage reviewer chain, justification capture, and audit-grade evidence preservation
- Records versioning preserving prior versions during the retention window even when users edit live documents
- Adaptive scopes — dynamic retention policy targeting based on department, location, or sensitivity label rather than static groups
Licensing: Records Management requires Microsoft 365 E5 or E5 Compliance. Basic retention policies are available in E3 but lack file plan manager, event-based retention, disposition review, and adaptive scopes.